Universal - Revision history

https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Universal Universal - Revision history 2026-05-02T07:02:05Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.44.2 https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15122&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 20:55, 21 September 2012 2012-09-21T20:55:34Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 20:55, 21 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l3">Line 3:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 3:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined inside the very system, by all the other signs to which it is related. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic or paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined inside the very system, by all the other signs to which it is related. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic or paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">long-standing </del>ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins>ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15121&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 20:54, 21 September 2012 2012-09-21T20:54:36Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 20:54, 21 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a particular language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a particular language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined inside the very system, by all the other signs to which it is related. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </del>paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined inside the very system, by all the other signs to which it is related. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">or </ins>paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15120&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 13:32, 20 September 2012 2012-09-20T13:32:19Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:32, 20 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a particular language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a particular language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in the same system</del>. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inside the very system, </ins>by all the other signs <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to which it is related</ins>. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15119&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 13:30, 20 September 2012 2012-09-20T13:30:43Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:30, 20 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</del>particular<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">" </del>language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a particular language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">thus </del>strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and hence universality) to the UW. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15118&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 19:48, 19 September 2012 2012-09-19T19:48:20Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:48, 19 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and universality) to the UW. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This system is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy (and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">hence </ins>universality) to the UW. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15117&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 19:48, 19 September 2012 2012-09-19T19:48:02Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:48, 19 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. This is the use of "universal" that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" and "universal remote control", for instance. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy to the UW<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, which no longer depends on any relation between the UNL and any other natural language</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">system </ins>is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(and universality) </ins>to the UW. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that will be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15116&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 19:44, 19 September 2012 2012-09-19T19:44:55Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:44, 19 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l3">Line 3:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 3:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy to the UW, which no longer depends on any relation between the UNL and any other natural language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy to the UW, which no longer depends on any relation between the UNL and any other natural language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">would </del>be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">will </ins>be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15115&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 19:43, 19 September 2012 2012-09-19T19:43:08Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:43, 19 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">That </del>is the use that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>"universal remote control", <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and so on</del>. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">This </ins>is the use <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of "universal" </ins>that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </ins>"universal remote control", <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">for instance</ins>. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy to the UW, which no longer depends on any relation between the UNL and any other natural language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. This is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy to the UW, which no longer depends on any relation between the UNL and any other natural language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that would be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It should be stressed, however, that this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that would be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15114&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 19:42, 19 September 2012 2012-09-19T19:42:14Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:42, 19 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. That is the use that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver", "universal remote control", and so on. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but the adjective "universal" must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility", i.e., as the capability of being used and understood by all. That is the use that one may observe in "universal adapter", "universal screwdriver", "universal remote control", and so on. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted to various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular" language, and may be used to represent information in a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is thus strictly related to the notions of "explicitness", "self-sufficiency" or "language-independence". In order to be universal, the UNL has to be neutral, because a constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound to any particular language. In the UNL framework, this semantic neutrality is associated to the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics, i.e., as a system of interdependent entities, where the value of a sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system. In order to be self-sufficient, the UNL must work only through relations of difference, either syntagmatic and paradigmatic, which place signs in opposition to one another, delimiting their meaning and possible range of use. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">This is the [[UNL Knowledge Base]], which is the content plane of the UNL. The value of a [[UW]], for instance, is not defined positively, by reference to an external entity (such as a word of English), but by its position in the UNL KB, i.e., by the set of relations departing from or coming to this UW. This relational, negative, structuralist definition assigns autonomy to the UW, which no longer depends on any relation between the UNL and any other natural language. </ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It should be stressed</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">however, that </ins>this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that would be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way.</div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For the time being</del>, this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. The current UNL is still language-biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long-standing ongoing initiative, and we do hope that eventually we will come up with a formalism that would be progressively more tailored to represent information in a less-marked way<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> because we understand that </del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The universality of UNL is expressed in the set of [[Universal Words]], [[relations|universal relations]] and [[attributes|universal attributes]]</del>.</div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins https://unlarchive.org/wiki/index.php?title=Universal&diff=15113&oldid=prev imported>Martins at 19:16, 19 September 2012 2012-09-19T19:16:09Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:16, 19 September 2012</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</del>universal<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">" </del>language, but <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">it should be emphasized that </del>"universal" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">here means </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">capable </del>of being used and understood by all<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">" (as </del>in "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)</del>", <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">or in </del>"universal <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">adapter</del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">rather than </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">common </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">all</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(as </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"Universal Grammar")</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The UNL is supposed to be a universal language, but <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the adjective </ins>"universal" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">must be understood, in the UNL framework, in terms of "semantic accessibility</ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, i.e., as the capability </ins>of being used and understood by all<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. That is the use that one may observe </ins>in "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">universal adapter</ins>", "universal <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">screwdriver</ins>", "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">universal remote control", and so on. This does not mean, obviously, that UNL is a sort of super-language adapted </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">various purposes, forms and operations; it only means that the UNL is not bound to a "particular</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">language, and may be used to represent information </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a way that it can be processed independently of the source language or the target language</ins>. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">closely </del>related to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">idea </del>of "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">neutrality</del>" or "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">internationality</del>". <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The </del>UNL <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">intends </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">play </del>a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">role similar </del>to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''linguae francae''. It </del>is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expected </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">be a bridge (vehicular) language</del>, i.e., a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">non-vernacular language used for communication between communities not sharing </del>a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">mother tongue</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">However</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">differently from other international auxiliary languages (such as Esperanto, Volapuk</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Interlingua </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">others)</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the UNL is not intended </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">be a human language</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">but a language for computers</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The idea of "universality" in UNL is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">thus strictly </ins>related to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">notions </ins>of "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">explicitness", "self-sufficiency</ins>" or "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">language-independence</ins>". <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In order to be universal, the </ins>UNL <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">has </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">be neutral, because </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">constructed language cannot be semantically accessible if it is bound </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">any particular language. In </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">UNL framework, this semantic neutrality </ins>is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">associated </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the idea of closed system, as defined in structural linguistics</ins>, i.e., <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">system of interdependent entities, where the value of </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sign is determined by all the other signs in the same system</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In order to be self-sufficient</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the UNL must work only through relations of difference</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">either syntagmatic </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">paradigmatic</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which place signs in opposition </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">one another</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">delimiting their meaning and possible range of use</ins>. </div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">universality of </del>UNL is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">also related to the notions of "explicitness", "self</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sufficiency" or "language</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">independence"</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">because </del>we <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">understand </del>that a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">constructed language cannot </del>be <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"universal" if it is bound </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">any particular language</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For the time being, this semantic neutrality is still a desideratum. </ins>The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">current </ins>UNL is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">still language</ins>-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">biased and depends intensively on implicit knowledge. But this is an long</ins>-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">standing ongoing initiative</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and </ins>we <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">do hope </ins>that <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">eventually we will come up with </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">formalism that would </ins>be <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">progressively more tailored </ins>to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">represent information in a less-marked way</ins>.</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> because we understand that </ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The universality of UNL is expressed in the set of [[Universal Words]], [[relations|universal relations]] and [[attributes|universal attributes]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The universality of UNL is expressed in the set of [[Universal Words]], [[relations|universal relations]] and [[attributes|universal attributes]].</div></td></tr> </table>

imported>Martins